To prepare rooting hormone from Water Hyacinth: Photo 5: Spraying cuttings with 10% water hyacinth solution (left) and cover cuttings completely with plastic bags, and leave them for 24 hours (right). Photo 9: In the south, left: Can Tho University; right: An Giang province. VGT has also been used very effectively in the stabilisation of a 200m In a soil block shear test, Hengchaovanich and Nilaweera (1996) also found that root Select old culms, that have more mature buds and more nodes than young ones. Harvesting method: Harvesting mature plants can be performed either mechanically or manually. Tissue culture, using a small part of the plant to propagate on a large scale. Vetiver, therefore, might help. Knowledge of this method for stopping soil loss is based almost entirely on empirical observation and, in some cases, even on anecdote. Parameters obtained from recent adverse soil conditions when the adverse effects are removed. Photo 7: Bare root slips and tube stock (left), putting plants into polybags (middle )and polybagged plants ready for planting (right). Vetiver oil is found in a variety of herbal skincare products, including soap, face wash, and lotions. FAO, Rome. Network. It is a new and different approach to erosion control that seems to overcome many of the causes of failure. Vetiver has also been used to rehabilitate salt affected lands due to both In such extreme situations, the hedges can protect the land and trees may perhaps be grown, but farming would likely be impossible. acid sulfate soils. Therefore vetiver would be very effective in stabilising table pan or rocky layers with weak spots. in the last decades. Share a link to this book page on your preferred social network or via email. For example, rents may be too high, fertilizers unavailable, or crop prices too lowall of which. when vetiver was used to stabilise batters on a new highway, the results were very indicated the local environment could benefit from the introduction of vetiver. Nurseries provide stock materials for vegetative and tissue culture propagation of vetiver. Third Annual Conf. Some women take vetiver to start their periods or to cause an . 0.6m, forming a living barrier which slows and spreads runoff water. Ideally, too, techniques for mass use must be cheap, uncomplicated, easy to understand, and simple to maintain under Third World conditions. tool for erosion control and slope stabilisation have been implemented for centuries but Because of the smaller gaps between plants these strips provide protection technology it has to be learnt and applied appropriately for best results. cropped flood plain of the Darling Downs. Plants are hardy and unaffected by exposure to high temperature and low moisture. than 50 years, vetiver grass has not become a weed in the new environment (Truong and In country after country, more and more hill slopes and other marginal lands are being brought into cultivation in response to increasing population, decreasing food supplies, and other social and economic pressures. the slope. As can be seen here, the height of the plants shows no obvious drop-off (edge effect) such as would be caused if the vetiver roots were robbing the cane of moisture or soil nutrients. Vetiver adds another technique that seems to have notable benefits for the massive, widespread applications that are needed to combat erosion throughout vast areas of the Third World. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Since that time there have been many advances in the Vetiver System and its wider areas of application. characteristics for different applications; for example, deep roots for land It is also called Uganda grass or elephant grass. The accumulated experiences, as described in previous chapters, add up to a compelling case that vetiver is one practical, and probably powerful, solution to soil erosion for many locations throughout the warmer parts of the world. of erosion control and land stabilisation which softens the harsh look often Le Van Be of Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam has developed a very practical and simple method to multiply buds (L Van B et al, 2006). Some of the cut slopes were up It even managed to punch through asphaltic concrete Vetiver has sweet, fresh, calming, and pleasant characteristics, according to Ayurveda. supplied fresh for planting within a week. 3.2.4 Advantages of using bare root slips and culm slips. The root is used to make medicine. sooner then other planting materials. grass is fast growing and with its very extensive and deep root system can provide the Report on the potential weed problem of vetiver grass High level of tolerance to soil salinity, sodicity and acid sulfate (Truong and Baker, planted when needed. Planting layout: Vetiver should be planted in long, neat rows across the slope for easy mechanical harvesting. Shading: Open space is recommended, since shading affects vetiver growth. the sterile or very low fertility south Indian genotype. VGT in the stabilisation of some of the major highways in Malaysia such as the Kuala Truong, P, Gordon, I and Baker, D (1996). to approximately one sixth of mild steel) at 0.7-0.8mm root diameter which is the most rather than the grass itself or the technology recommended. 2 Case Studies | Vetiver Grass: A Thin Green Line Against Erosion |The its popularity has increased in the last decades. stabilisation, soil erosion and sediment control (Truong,1997). Okay! The main reasons for slope instability are surface erosion and structural weakness of highway network is expanding rapidly, for example during the 1992-1996, more than. on Agric., 29 Jan-1 Feb 1992 (in Thailand). and extreme temperature from -14. surface erosion and deep rooted plants such as trees and shrubs can provide the structural not be equated to that of hydromulching species and the cost of vetiver establishment Resources, (Paper prepared for the First Asia-Pacific Conference on Ground and Put plants into 20 litre plastic bag, and tie it closed. ", Another reviewer wrote, "The prime reason for a lack of attention is the insidious nature of erosion. drought. It does not require foreign exchange or expensive equipment. Proc. Physiologia Plantarum 15: 473-497. Vetiver Grass for Erosion & Sediment Control in The Mackay Area It does not appear to compete seriously with neighboring crop plants for the moisture or nutrients in the soil. For example, as all vetiver research conducted in Australia have been based on Monto Failures of VGT in most cases can be attributed to bad applications Vetiver is a multipurpose grass that is both economically and ecologically valuable. All rights reserved. suitably designed. On the other hand early results of research conducted at Guangxi University, China, In global terms, erosion is continually increasing. Baker, 1996). "On the subject of erosion," one reviewer wrote to us, "I feel that the problem is not so much a lack of technologies to control or prevent erosion, but it is the lack of recognition that erosion is even a problem that needs attention. Photo 11: In the north, in Bac Ninh (left) and Bac Giang (right). Subscribe to our NEWSLETTER for daily update on Medicinal plants and their health benefits. Small volume results in lower transportation cost. It is widely used in treating fever, dysuria, burning sensation, fatigue syndrome, skin disorders etc. . Certain types appear to bear infertile seed and produce no spreading stolons or rhizomes, so they remain where they are planted. Select mature tillers with at least three or four well-developed leaves. R&D and A Div. supported by the German aid agency KfW, currently has 20 million vetiver plants at 79 and Extension. re-established themselves after a few years, providing a long term and natural solution to The deep root system of the vetiver hedges will protect the ground surface next to the planted on contour line which would trap and spread runoff water on the slope. Although vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides) has been used for purposes: Vetiveria zizanioides L. and V. nigritana. After two years, the site was completely revegetated with vetiver and local species Truong, P and Baker, D (1996). The main advantages of the strips are the vetiver plants were established close together And incorporating vetiver hedges into forestry and agroforestry in the tropics seems to be one of the most promising of all its future uses. New shoots emerge from the base thus withstanding traffic and heavy grazing pressure. strength of 75 Mpa or one-sixth of ultimate strength of mild steel. materials, planting methods, maintenance program and particularly the layout have not been municipality ( Xu, pers.com.). in India who were introducing vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides, reclassified recently as Chrysopogon zizanioides) technology to farmers for the first time. As water flow slows down, its erosive power is reduced and any eroded material is This cultivar Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Vetiver's roots apparently interfere little with plants growing right next door. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Beyond the advantages of the plant itself, the system of using vetiver is so easy to understand that people almost instantly grasp how to use it to their own advantage. cases, may even eliminate vetiver in the long term. emerging leaves. The 53 samples tested came from North and South America, Asia, Oceania and Africa. Malaysia by Hengchaovanich. Based on the above, it is clear that the advantages of using the VGT as an used as a pioneer species. Plants are at the bottom of the food chain, therefore, if the plant is . The failures were due entirely to poor application. Vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides L. Roberty) is one of the most studied and applied species in soil bioengineering techniques all over the world, but there are technical information related to its root system deserving a better comprehension provided by different methodologies'. Workshop on Potential Application of the VS in the Arabian Gulf Region, Kuwait City, March 2006. The tensile strength of vetiver roots varies between 40-180 Mpa for the range of root 153-8.. Hengchaovanich, D.(1998). Chrysopogon zizanioides - Wikipedia Vetiver nurseries have been successfully established in all areas of Vietnam. All of these procedures have merit, and most of them are better known at present than the vetiver system. Vetiver grass hedges for erosion An assessment of urban and industrial the wild and seeded north Indian genotype. collaboration with the Centre for Railway Engineering of Central Queensland University, Truong, P N and Mason, F (1997). its effectiveness in erosion control in Fiji. where surface temperature of the black kimberlite often exceeds 55oC, at this Vetiver Conf. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. Although other grasses and trees have been used as vegetative barriers for soil conservation, vetiver seems to combine several characteristics that make it special: It reduces erosion when in a hedge just one plant wide. that cool the surface and allowing germination of other grass seeds (Grimshaw pers.com.). First International Vetiver Conf., Thailand, 4-8 . It is able to survive drought, flood, windstorm, fire, grazing animals, and other forces of nature, except freezing. Photo 1: Upper: Machine planting; lower: manual planting. out, the vetiver hedgerow planted for erosion control was not eaten, even its young Education, training, monitoring, and evaluation (of both farmers and administrators). There is, too, the daunting precedent of several plants that at one time seemed ideal solutions to erosion problems, but that eventually ran wild and turned into pernicious weeds.1 The early enthusiasm for those species rings hollow, now that its results can be seen. The crown (corm) is the base of a mature vetiver plant from which new shoots sprout. The plant can withstand a lot of water. disappointing and failures to establish or to stabilise the slopes were common. Flood erosion control on the floodplain. Some women use vetiver to induce an abortion or to start their periods. Stiffgrass barrier with vetiver Although the protocols of individual laboratories differ, tissue culture involves a very small bit of tissue, growing it in a special medium under aseptic conditions, and planting the resulting small plantlets in appropriate media until they fully developed into small plants. Vetiver grass is a unique tropical and sub-tropical plant species originally from India, but which now exists in over 100 countries around the world. during the last four wet seasons with flow velocity up to 3.5m/sec. two to three metres in the first year. Fifteen years of bio-engineering in the wet tropics from A. Kingett Mitchell and Associates Ltd (1995). Vetiver, a little-known tropical grass, offers one practical and inexpensive way to control erosion on a huge scale in both humid and semi-arid regions. Sukkasem A. and Chinnapan W. (1996). drains, gullies, creek banks and other drainage structures. A fourth is that there is probably a steepness limitnot to vetiver itself but to the system for growing crops behind the grass hedges. Others include the following: Engineered systems, such as terraces, rock walls, and earthen berms and bunds; Broad (as opposed to narrow) strips of grass; Contour cultivation, mulches, crop rotations, strip-cropping, and no-till farming; and. However, vetiver is not like a lawn or pasture species; it is a big, coarse, very tough bunch grass and it grows to about 1 m wide at the base with a clustered mass of dense stems. His pioneering research & development and severe shading can eliminate it in the long term by reducing its ability to compete Truong, P and Creighton, C (1994). The resulting bare root slips can be dipped in various treatments, including rooting hormones, manure slurry (cow or horse tea), clay mud, or simple shallow water pools, until new roots appear. fast growth and the very extensive root system of the vetiver plants. Vetiver Grass: A Thin Green Line Against Erosion. research showed that of the 79 species of insect found on the vetiver rows, only four His protocol consists of four micro-propagation stages, all in liquid medium: Tissue culture is another way to propagate vetiver planting materials in quantity, using special tissues (root tip, young flower inflorescence, nodal bud tissues) of the vetiver plant. Agric. This water is excellent for treating urinary problems that can arise throughout the summer. What is Vetiver Grass? - The Vetiver Network West Indies It does not require careful layouts or high-quality control. Technical Bulletin N0. with particular reference to Slope Stabilisation and Erosion Control. Brown D. Encyclopedia of herbs and their uses. northern regions of Thailand, its effectiveness has been varied as the quality of planting On the contrary, 30 other species found in the vetiver rows are considered tests showed that vetiver hedges were successful in reducing flood velocity and limiting privately built Subic Bay road also used VGT for erosion and sediment control. Xie, F X. both plants and human. Since most major applications require a large number of plants, the quality of the planting material is important for the successful application of the Vetiver System (VS). completely protected from flood damage (Dalton et al, 1996). structural strength needed in a relatively short period of time. Silt building up behind this hedge across a severely eroding wash created a terrace almost 60 cm deep in hardly more than a year. View abstract. Decision-and policy-makers are even less concerned; few of them ever get excited about soil loss. Land disturbance by construction activities has resulted in soil The thatch can then be placed behind the newly planted slips to provide an . However due to their small population the damage was Irrigation method: Overhead irrigation will evenly distribute water in the first few months after planting. To avoid damaging the plant crown use a single blade mouldboard plough or a disc plough with special adjustment. 1980s following its promotion by the World Bank. Vetiver is an aromatherapy plant that is used to treat uneasiness, sleeplessness, and joint and muscular pain. Potable water prepared with this also has many health benefits. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Vetiver Grass - Plant Propagation The cane fields here are burned every year, obviously without any long-term effect on the vetiver. The essential oils extracted from vetiver grass contain more than 100 constituents, hence the need for the separation of these constituents into the most valuable components. Erosion and sediment control vetiver, all the Australian results presented in this paper can be applied with confidence (D.E.K. A handful of fresh Vetiver roots is placed in the clay pot (Matka) in the summer to keep the household drinking water cool and aromatic. Bands of vetiver across these slopes would work only if the farm is cultivated by hand. Mechanical planter: A modified seedling planter or mechanical transplanter can plant large numbers of vetiver slips in the nursery. Creighton, 1994). Publication No. This means that 15 tons of soil have gone, but the loss of only a millimeter is not noticeable!". Nowhere in the world have I seen real concern for erosion nor public support for erosion-control programs. Jump up to the previous page or down to the next one. vetiver as compared with other plants and vetiver species (Truong and Mason, 1997). Vetiver, a very fast growing grass and until very recently a relatively Vetiver is a plant. so will bring disappointing outcomes and sometimes adverse results. www.ars-grin.gov/duke (Accessed 3 November 1999). In The grass grows tall and forms large clumps like bamboo. species established well but following a prolonged rain period (400 mm over two weeks), in China when the Guiyang variety is used. This indicates that an Integrated Pest Management scheme will be put into partly to the soft vegetative approach and partly due to the more knowledge that of rock wall and Xia et al, (1999) showed that in southern China, VGTs Truong, P N. (1997). Research conducted by Hengchaovanich and Nilaweera (1996) in Malaysia showed that the 1997, the Highway Bureau of Fujian Province has recently issued an official recommendation 8.0 PLANTING MATERIALS AND THEIR SUITABILITY. Chrysopogon zizanioides, commonly known as vetiver and khus, is a perennial bunchgrass of the family Poaceae.. Vetiver is most closely related to Sorghum but shares many morphological characteristics with other fragrant grasses, such as lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), citronella (Cymbopogon nardus, C. winterianus), and palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii). If youre pregnant, vetiver is probably not a good idea. At this time there is not enough scientific information to determine an appropriate range of doses for vetiver. Office of the Royal Development Projects Board, Bangkok, Using various parts of a mother vetiver plant. diameter between 0.2-2.2mm. Considering the vastness of the investments in such civil works throughout the world, vetiver deserves much consideration here. Results from works conducted in Queensland have conclusively shown three metre depth commonly use in hard approach slope stabilisation work. We currently have no information for VETIVER overview. Baker, 1996). improves with time as the vegetative cover matures. From geotechnical perspective, these How cool would a Vetiver hedge be?? Given what we know today, vetiver seems a potential breakthrough, but such a radical concept raises uncertainties as well. Vetiver is also known as Khus in India. Patron - H.R.H Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn of Thailand, Hand Book on Vetiver grass technology From Propagation to utilisation For Ethiopia, Propagation, Cultivation, and Management of Vetiver Grass Conducted in China in the l950s, Vetiver Related Social Media Platforms and Affiliates, Splitting mature plants to produce bare root slips, The Vetiver System Propagation and Planting Photo essay, The Vetiver System Propagation and Planting (with captions), Experimenting and developing techniques to speed up vetiver multiplication in nurseries. However, in the very high rainfall areas, to reduce this potentially Proceedings. Splitting mature tillers from vetiver clump or mother plants, that yields bare root slips for immediate planting or propagating in polybags. The current study re- The Vetiver Grass Technology (VGT) was first developed for soil and Uses, Benefits, Cures, Side Effects, Nutrients in Vetiver Grass. To increase the establishment rate under hostile conditions, when the plantlets produced by the Upper methods are mature enough or bare root slips are ready, they can be prepared for planting out by: Plantlets and bare root slips are planted in small pots or small plastic bags containing half soil and half potting mix and maintained in the containers for three to six weeks, depending on the temperature. Vetiver grass can be eliminated easily either by spraying with Vetiver grows to a height of around one metre but should be cut back to a planting height of 150mm. 3.0 MAIN APPLICATIONS OF VGT IN CIVIL CONSTRUCTION. wiped out if natural diseases or pests attack the vetiver plants. dryland salinity and irrigation. Pacific Rim Vetiver Network. Vetiver System Technology, which is based on Vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides L. Roberty) has been successfully used as a phytoremediation tool to remediate both polluted water (municipal . The main disadvantage of the VGT applications is the intolerance to shading by the Seedling Production from Seeds of a Wild Ecotype of Vetiver Grass Increase in water infiltration is (1999). It has also been successfully Le Van Du, Agro-Forestry University, Ho Chi Minh City, developed the following four-step method of propagating vetiver from cuttings: Photo 2: Bare root slips ready for planting out (left); being dipped in clay mud or manure slurry (cow tea) (right). In India, dry roots of Vetiver are used in evaporative coolers instead of straw or wood. (1995). vetiver plants particularly in the establishment phase. unique grass in erosion and sediment control in agricultural lands, land stabilisation in Proc. nurseries and 431 vetiver fields at maintenance camps throughout the country and aiming at in the open and weed control may be needed during establishment phase. Three parts of the vetiver plant are used for propagation (Photos 3 & 4): A culm is the stem or stalk of a grass. So, now lets move deep into the topic. The use of vegetation as a bio-engineering tool for erosion control and Regional Waterboard Techn. Apparently, the vetiver system also provides even more benefits, the most important being the fact that the stout lines of vertical thatch hold back moisture long enough to give it a chance to soak in. 2.0 SOME SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VETIVER GRASS. Even a strong man has difficulty breaking its stems, and down near the soil surface the thicket of vegetation, together with collected debris, produces an almost impenetrable barrier. It is important to understand that flora and fauna in an area have co-evolved and that plants and animals become interdependent. Vetiver Grass - Meaning, Works, Uses, Side Effects, Precautions associated with the construction of the massive Three Gorge Dam in the Chongqing = the Froude number of flow. Secondly, as with themselves naturally in erosion-control activitiessomething that national planners have long dreamed of. It is, for example, almost impossible even for strong people to push their fingers through. Shading will reduce its growth and in extreme forest pests. Evaluation of the root system of Vetiver grass ( Chrysopogon This world for over a century. Workshop, Fuzhou, China, October 1997. Thus, efforts to establish vetiver trials and even large-scale field projects should proceed without delay. These 53 samples came from North and South America, Vetiveria can also be found as scented fibrous roots in Indian marketplaces. Vetiver is used to treat skin conditions that occur throughout the summer. Recommended for good nursery sites with easy access to irrigation. 1997. 3.4 Protection of Concrete and Gabion Structures. successfully used to stabilise a major drain in north Queensland against a series of major raised on site to reduce costs. Preparation requires a longer period to prepare, four to five weeks or longer. In practical terms, such farms can be plowed only vertically. As mentioned above 1995) and highly acidic (pH 3.5) tailings of a gold mine. Keep in mind that natural products are not always necessarily safe and dosages can be important. based on the relative costs of the two technologies locally. Replacement of contour banks in steep sugarcane lands on the wet tropical coast.. Stabilisation of gully erosion in both cropping and grazing lands. as this species produces viable seeds its application should be restricted to their home a consequence, the vetiver-grass-based phytoremediation is a reliable method to purify polluted water. Pacific Rim Vetiver Network. How Vetiver Grass is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. OTHER NAME(S): Anatherum zizanioides, Andropogon odoratus, Brazil. There isnt enough credible evidence to establish if vetiver is safe in doses found in medicine or what the potential side effects are. Promoting root development on new shoots. was registered in Queensland, Australia as Monto vetiver. International vetiver of a 60m long box culvert section on the highway in southern Queensland. thus lowering pore water pressure and increasing water infiltration in that zone leading the hard conventional engineering structures which have been the concern over In the last 10 years he has concentrated on the application of the Thus, it is not clear which methods farmers might be willing to adopt. Title 21. Aust. Regional Vetiver conference, Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam. You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you. Conf. very few species can be established due to the hostile environment. PDF The Vetiver System for Soil and Water Conservation Vetivers scientific name is Chrysopogon zizanioides, and it belongs to the Poaceae family (grass family). beneficial insects, as they are the all-important prey enemy of garden, agriculture and grass. entering water courses (Kingett, 1995). The mechanism of action of vetiver as a medication is unknown. Training of operational staff: Well trained staff is essential to a nurserys success. Vetiver Grass System for Environmental Protection. soil and water conservation in agricultural lands for more than 50 years, its real impact Although it eventually needs little or no care, sometimes the plant has to be helped to form a hedge at the beginning. phenomenon implies that stronger fine roots provide higher resistance than larger roots. Farmers are only moderately concerned about soil loss and will list numerous higher priorities for improving their farms.
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